• Investors use two management strategies to manage their fixed income portfolios. They adopt either active management strategy or passive management strategy.
    • Active management can be defined as forecasts of returns for assets that are available.
    •  A portfolio manager can minimize the values of the bond portfolio while implementing liability funding methods.
    • The bond market can be classified into various segments based on the nature of characteristics such as type of issuer, credit risk. coupon level etc.
    • Yield curve strategies are classified into bullet strategies, barbell strategies and ladder strategies.
    • Passive management strategy believes in Efficient Market Hypothesis.
    • Bond indexation serves the purpose of replicating the performance of a predetermined benchmark as closely as possible.
    • Cash flow matching strategy is used to build portfolio wherein the cash flows of the bond portfolio exactly match a stream of liabilities.
    • Active bond management depends on an economic scenario in order to forecast the movements of yield curve.